Correlation Fun Quiz
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A fun quiz to test your understanding of correlations, based on the Warner Text.
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Question 1 of 20
1. Question
5 pointsHow are Pearson’s correlation r (bivariate data set) similar to the z-score in a univariate data set?
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Question 2 of 20
2. Question
5 pointsA positive correlation between two variables, X and Y, indicates that:
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Question 3 of 20
3. Question
5 pointsWhich of the following correlations rxy represents the strongest possible relationship between X and Y:
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Hint
Remember, we are trying to get as close to the value of “1” as possible, whether -1 or +1 (Kindle location 7155 in Warner text).
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Question 4 of 20
4. Question
5 pointsWhich is not an assumption for Pearson’s r:
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Hint
According to Warner, here are the assumptions:
- Independence of observations;
- Variables are quantitative and present a normal distribution (when Pearson-r);
- Variables are linearly related;
- There are no bivariate outliers;
- There is an assumption of homogeneity of variance.
Another hint/tip: Read very carefully. This question can be tricky.
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Question 5 of 20
5. Question
5 pointsThe shape of a bivariate normal distribution is:
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Hint
By the nature of a correlation, it is not likely to have “angles.” Since “bell curve” is not an option, which one seems to be most likely?
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Question 6 of 20
6. Question
5 pointsWhich of the following is NOT true regarding preliminary data screening in correlation analysis:
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Question 7 of 20
7. Question
5 pointsWhich of the following is the formula to calculate Pearson’s r:
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Hint
Found in section 7.6 in Warner text.
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Question 8 of 20
8. Question
5 pointsThe null hypothesis that tests a lack of a linear relationship is:
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Hint
Let’s use a process of elimination to help with this question:
- First, for a null hypothesis, we want the “H sub zero,” which all of these have.
- Something else to keep in mind about null hypotheses is that they represent a “no effect” or “no change.” That is NOT the same as representing a “not equal to such-and-such” (hint hint).
- That should narrow it down to a couple of choices for you.
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Question 9 of 20
9. Question
5 pointsPearson’s r can also be considered as:
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Question 10 of 20
10. Question
5 pointsWhich is true of the sampling distributions for r:
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Question 11 of 20
11. Question
5 pointsThe test statistic for the null hypothesis in bivariate correlation is:
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Hint
Let’s try the process of elimination…
Are we testing for F ?
What about q ?
Another thing to consider is that since r is a statistical notation value in correlations, it would seem that that should be included in the answer, eh ? -
Question 12 of 20
12. Question
5 pointsWhich is not a problem when comparing correlations involving different populations or different variables:
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Ans: c
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Question 13 of 20
13. Question
5 pointsWhich is true regarding the reporting of correlations in research journals:
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Hint
Think in general terms and remember we are not here to pass judgement. That should narrow the selection for you. 🙂
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Question 14 of 20
14. Question
5 pointsData points in bivariate correlation are concordant if:
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Hint
What is the definition of “concordant?” Would a Google search help ?
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Question 15 of 20
15. Question
5 pointsA spurious correlation can be a result of which of the following?
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Question 16 of 20
16. Question
10 pointsIs the following statement True or False?
The sign of r provides information about the strength of the relationship between X and Y.Correct
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Question 17 of 20
17. Question
10 pointsIs the following statement True or False?
Pearson’s r is unit-free.Correct
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Hint
Think about what we are measuring in Pearson’s r. Are we measuring something like we would be measuring, say, inches? Or, are we measuring something else and if so, does that measurement have units?
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Question 18 of 20
18. Question
10 pointsIs the following statement True or False?
It is appropriate to make a causal inference based on Pearson’s r alone.Correct
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Question 19 of 20
19. Question
10 pointsIs the following statement True or False?
The standard error for Fisher Z depends on ρ and N.Correct
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Hint
If it “sounds” false, it might just be so 🙂
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Question 20 of 20
20. Question
10 pointsIs the following statement True or False?
Restricting the range of potential answers limits the external validity of the study.Correct
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Hint
Remember our discussion on “unique values?”
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